Yvaral, born Jean-Pierre Vasarely, was a French artist specializing in Kinetic and Op-Art. Working in a vein reminiscent of American painter Bridget Riley, Yvaral coined the term “numerical art” to describe art created by algorithmic means. His work always was painted by hand, although he digitally manipulated and processed the source imagery before creating the final piece, sometimes starting with a photograph and transforming it into colorful geometric compositions. One such example is his serigraph George Washington (c. 1979), wherein a classic portrait of the American president is transformed into a stylized, monochrome abstraction. Born in Paris, France on January 25 1934, he went on to study graphic design at the Ecole des Art Appliqués in Paris. In 1960, he co–founded Le Group de Recherche d’Art Visuel along with fellow artists Julio Le Parc, François Morellet, and Francisco Sobrino with the goal of expanding new possibilities of artistic expression. Yvaral died on August 2, 2002 in Paris, France at the age of 68.